Safety fuel tank



De; 19, 1944. D. CANITELLO Em 2,365,624

SAFETY FUEL TANK Filed Jan. 21, 1941 2 sheets-shea 1 520672250735 Vae-fano' mzzfeZZo. @man 'c' Yami-ello De#` 19, 1944-` D. cwrrl-:LLO ETAL SAFETY 'FUEL TANK Filed Jan. 2l, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 19, 1944 SAFETY FUEL TANK Dominic Cantello and Gaetano Cantello,

- Streator, Ill.

Application January 21, 1941, serial No. 375,281 v 14 claims. (c1. 158536) This invention relates to fuel tanks and, more particularly, to such tanks as are used in connection with internal combustion engines, automotive or stationary. i

An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel tank `so equipped as to edectively guard against explosions.

In accordance with y the present invention means is provided whereby, as a safety measure, such a tank is supplied with non-combustible gases from the exhaust manifold of the combus- ,v tion engine to fill the Vspace from which the fuel has been withdrawn asthe fuel is consumed by the engine or other prime mover.

Other Aobjects will appear from time to time throughout the specification and the claims.

The invention is more or less diagrammatically I illustrated in the accompanying drawings, where- Figure 1 is a perspective of one form of the invention with parts broken away and parts in section; I

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a combination filter and spark and flame arrester;

Figure 3 is an elevation of one form of a cap and filler spout for the tank;

Figure 4 is an elevation of the assembly shown in Figure 3 and taken at right angles to Figure 3, with parts broken away and parts in section;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view through the cap and ller spout;

Figure 6 is a top planvew of the cap and filler spout; and

Figure 7 is a sectional view of a modiiied form of filler cap assembly.

Like parts are designated by like characters throughout the specification and the drawings.

E indicates the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, a portion of which is shownl in the drawings and indicated generally by the reference numeral 6.

The fuel tank 1 is preferably constructed without any air vents.

The tank 1 has mounted in the top' wall thereof the neck s, Which may be formed integrally with` H' a curved or substantially semi-circular filling spout 9 that opens through the top thereof at one side of theneck 8 for the passage of fuel from the spout 9 into the tank Spaced bars 9' may extend across the outlet of the spout 9 to prevent a fuel filling or removing nozzle from being passed through the spout 9 into the tank 1 during the time of filling said tank with fuel. They, also, prevent unauthorized removal of fuel. A

Cil

The neck 8 has a threaded bore Ill for screwy threadedly receiving a closure plug or cap II.v

A combination retainer and hinge assembly is provided for the cap II including a hinge lug I2, mounted on the neck 8, a loop member I3 which has an end portion embracing the cap II and seating within a groove I 4 provided in the cap. The loop has a second end portion bent at right angles to the cap-embracing portion which passes through a slot I5 provided therefor in the lug I2.

Thus, the cap `I4 is free for rotation to thread the cap into the neck 8 and also to permit ready removal of the cap. When the cap has been removed from the neck 8, the cap and loop I3 may be swung laterally on the hinge connection formed by the loop I3 and the lug I2 to an outof-the-way position. y

A tube I6 extends from the exhaust manifold 5 of the engine to the tank' 1, passing into the tank 1 through an opening provided therefor, preferably in an end wall of the tank and adjacent to the bottom of the tank. It then passes inwardly and preferably upwardly towards the opposite end of the tank.

The end of a fuel supply line I1 has an 'end within the tank 1 and it may lie substantially diagonal to the bottom of the tank and adjacent to said bottom,l with a portion of the conduit I1 being disposed vertically at I8 where it passes through an openingprovided therefor in the top .of the tank 1. From the tank 1 the supply line I1 leads to the fuel pumpor other meansV (not shown) for carrying or forcing fuel to the combustion engine.

An airlock line I9 connects an airlock orifice 2l) formed in a formation on the wall of the neck 8 with the fuel line riser I8, and thus, upon loosening or the removal of the cap or plug I I, air from the atmosphere will pass through the orifice 20 and the line I9 to the riser I8, thereby preventing the iiow of fuel to the engine.

For venting the fuel tank during refueling operations, the neck is provided with a vent opening 2|, provided in the wall thereof and opening at one end into the tank 1 and at its opposite end into the neck 8, as shown in Figure 5.

VFrom the above it will also be apparent that when the engine is in operation exhaust gases will pass from the exhaust manifold 5 through the conduit I6 into the tank 1 to iill the space emptied by the fuel which has been withdrawn from the tank in supplying the engine.

Interposed in the exhaust gas line I6 is a cartridge 22, shown in section in Figure 2 and having a drain opening 23, and arranged in the cartridge 22 is a ller 24 of any material suitable for use as a lter to remove foreign matter from the exhaust gases, and as a spark and iiame arrester.

If desired, the cartridge 22 may be charged with any suitable chemical or other material for the removal of undesirable gases from the combustion engine.

Due to the arrangement and location of the ends of the conduits `I6 and I1,-res13ectively,

The gas is also dehydrated and the material 24 prevents any sparks or flames from reaching the tank. Only a limited quantity of inert gas can enter the tank because pressure conditions within the tank prevent a large quantity from entering. When the tank is rst full little or no gas will enter. the air and since the pressure in the exhaust manifold.is-relatively.1ow,gas s..not forced into withinthe tank 'Lrthere will'be.' no escape of 1u thertankzaridfonly suilicient gasfcanfenter the fuel from the tank Should the tank be up-ended in either way, and/or should either one or both of the conduits I6, l1, respectively, become broken.

tank to take up the space gradually vacated by the fuel as it is Withdrawn.

The provision of the air passage automatdcallyinoties the operator of any leak. If the In the modied form of Figure 7, 'there .is y15 cap is open or not tightly closed, air might enter shown a filler member which"differs'somewhat from that shown in the earlier figures. As there secured by welding 26 or otherwise in a wall of the' tank 4and `defeat the safety purposes of the invention Therefore, it is important to make sureat'hatsthe-.operator always knows when the tank is open. The provision of the air passage the tank 1. The ller connection includesl an 20 "'20 accomplishes this. If the cap is not closed,

-inwardly projecting-member- 21 ,whichsmayz have bars 28..acnoss its ..inner.end. Intone ,suitable-im 1 stallatiom the` ller connectionis mounted .in the i'top lof the tank @and i .the .downwardly depend- :ring Mmember .-.2'|;` prevents! complete l-lingcof the ing cond-itionf. stands` approximately :at the level 29,1 and there isf-a void :ornonllabla space -36 vaboveit and-betweenit .andvthe .top .ofu the tank.

-.a-ir is.. drawn .from zthe tank. through.. thenbypass pipe t9 and into theppi-pe l'lnandto thetcarbure- .toreor .-to..the engine. iWhennthis .condition-occurs,`fue1 is not drawn at allaoreat.deastzfistnot 25 `drawn .in-.fsufiieient quantities lv-.throught the ,.pipe `-ta-nk. The tuel lineinthe tank-iat maximumflll- |8,. -andcthecengine i reoeivingfno. fuelnor rinsuiiicient fuel comes to a stop. 'Iitieinventioni-thus -provides an.automatic meanseforrnotifyingrthe .operator -when 'the tiller .cap ..is. -loose tor A when lfThe'ller member-25 mayfincludealug`3l .withinmwthere is anycothersleakwand thus noties the `mits rotationof" thei1capand,'.when the latten-is the-engine 'or fuel pump-ismonnected totheouter vor :wpperrfend ofrthe fpassagefSS. Anaairlockz pasf sage=31fcommunicates Withthe.-passagefandat its outer end with the upper or outenfaceof the .operator .that .conditions ri'yhic-h would 'prevent .the safey ,operation of. .the ldevice havea developed, .and .he .canthen do .whatever is :necessary .to

restore safe conditions.

:Weclaim:

1. :In combination, .'-for 1 .use y`.with :anfzinternal ucombustion' engine,.:a. fue1ftank,.-,saidtank :com- .prising..means 1 for: retaining inert; gas, webconduit means from said tank for attachment tofan lri-engine, v.means i for .supplying l inert gas to `A-said tank/saidvmeans comprising al conduit.I forrconnecting the exhaust of an engine to saidetank, iilten ,means .infsaidconduitadapted to dehydrate gases moving'towardsthetanknandfa ller con fiiller:v housing 25. This-airlockppagsge haS'he 45-nection in-.-said-.tank fhavingtarremovable'top, a,

r 'same :usecas :thefairlocknpassage l 20 :shownin :Figure: 4. l-When the `caphis-openi.oi-.nottightly I" positioned, to close'. this Uopeningaair .will enter `i-through itaan'd -\wi1l.bendrawn` to theengine Aer Mits failure :to getituel-.ortbecause ofiitsifailure I-to'e get suflicient` fuel.

.Althoughthereisashownfa-anvoperative. formuof the device, it will be understood thatumany 'filler opening and an..airlock'opening,: said'top, -when .ina .the closed '.positionf -closingl bothfxoff said :openingsf and "a :connection from said "aiilock openingtto: said. fuehconduit.

`f2..'In .cfxrnbination,. fort-use with anxinternal combustion engine, a fuel ztank, i'uel cconduit means from saidi tank' lfon.attachment Jttrlaneengine, means for supplying inert gas to.'said;tank, said ta-nk v lbeing --wii'1l1out',;,'gasl lontlet, said vmeans 'l'hangsfithe\f01m,-Shape-fand:arrangement 0f555 comprising a conduit for connecting theiexhaust ":parts might vbe i made without departing .'from Athe spirit of .this inventionjd'and itis.' yudsticidthat l the f showingmbe taken .-as,-in la sense,- .diagram- :.matic.

conduit-adapted Yto fdehydrateegases: moving. toywarnt-tha tank;v said :filter: imeansincluding- :ai li. ter. housing, :an iopeningttherein'f adjacent itsfboti'llhe usefandeoperationvof thisdnventionaarc 6o...torn..and-.iltenrmateriallwithin saidihousingf aiid as follows:

Theudevicexis 'assembled in` connection vwith .van-:internalioombustoneengine. The .tank, of 2 course, '-comprisessiheesource-ofi fuel-Stor thetenan inlet and an outletl connectionsin: saidahousingor-the` saidiconduitleading froms saict exhaust to said tank, and a filler connectiorrirrasaidtank lnaxzingea.. removabledtopnaiillenoopening and' an sgine. :Under normalcoperating;conditionsA fuel -airlockcpenngasaidtop; when irntheclosedrpo'siis withdrawnf. through-#the pipe- I1 'andlpasses to the carburetorforlrdirect to lthecenginepas the @case .may-libe.

:fAsf iuel .f-isewithdrawni ifromffthef tank the nfree .-tion; 'closing'.both of saidlopenings, andaaconnection. fromsaid airlockfopeningz-tofsaidf fuelrfcon- ,.duit

3. In combination, ior\.=use''fwiths an;,:interna1 aspacevwithin-the tankaisz increased:` andlif-air 70. combustion engineaiuel tank, adaptedmorretain were #presentein i f thisi- -space .aacombustible.. .mix-

ture of ainandfuelor fuelvapornnight be'formed. fTo prevent this,thevpipel I 6.conducts inert.'r gas f `into fthe .l-tank. l.'lhis Lgasdsy passed-through the inertgas,` tuelconduit meansfor connecting said :r tankfto an; engine,..means forsupplying Iinertia-gas to saidtanka said means comprising-,1.a conduit1 for connectingthe. exhaust/of. arrengine to ysaid mank,

chamber-12 andawhateverematerialmay.-bein .it..v75 'filter means in said conduit adaptedf'fto: remove Since the tank is closed to.

, `solid matterand to dehydrate gases movingto- Ward the tankkand to prevent overheated gases from reaching the tank, and a filler connection in said tank having a removable top, a ller opening andan airlock opening, said top, when in `the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlock'opening to said fuel conduit.

4. Incombination, for use withan internal `combustion engine, a` fuel tank, fuel conduit means for connecting Said tank to an engine, means for supplying inert gas to said tank, said means comprising a conduit for connecting the exhaustof an engine to said tank, lter means in said conduit adapted` to remove solid matter and to dehydrate gases moving toward the tank and to prevent overheated gases from reaching the tank, said filter means including a filter housing, an opening therein adjacent its bottom and lter material within said housing, and an inlet `and an outlet connection in said housing for the said conduit leading to said tank, and afiller connection in said tank having a removable top, a ller'opening and. an airlock opening, said top,

when in the closed position= closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlock openingto said fuel conduit.

5. In combination, for use with an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, fuel conduit means for connecting said tank to an engine, means for supplying inert gas to said tank as fuel is withdrawn therefrom and fo-r retaining said gas therein, said means comprising a conduit for connecting the exhaust of an engine to said tank,

Yfilter means in'said conduit adapted to dehydratergases moving toward the tank, andy a filler connection in said tank having a removable top, a filler opening and an airlock opening, said top, when in the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlockzlif.

opening to said fuel conduit.

6. In combination, for use with an internal .for connecting said tank to an engine, means'fonH supplying inert gasto said tank and for retaining i said gas therein, said means comprising a conduit for connecting the exhaust of an engine to said tank, said conduit entering the tank adjacent lits bottom and, Within the tank being directed upwardly to a point adjacent the top of the tank, lter means in said conduit adapted to dehydrate gases moving toward the tank, and a filler connection in said tank having a removable top, a filler opening and an airlock opening, said top, when in the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlcok opening to said fuel conduit, I

'7. In combination, for use with an internal combustion engine, a, fuel tank, fuel conduit means for connecting said tank to an engine, means for supplying inert gas to said tank as fuel is Withdrawn therefrom and for retaining said gas therein, said means comprising a conduit for connecting the exhaust of an engine to said tank, said conduit entering the tank adjacent its bottom and, Within the tank being directed upwardly to a point adjacent the top of the tank, filter means in said conduit adapted to dehydrate gases moving toward the tank, and a filler connection in said tank having a removable top, a filler opening and an airlock opening, said top, when in the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlock opening to said fuel conduit.

8. In combination, for use with an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, fuel conduit means i for connecting said tank to an engine, means for supplying inert gas to said tank as fuel is withdrawn therefrom,said means comprising a conduit forconnecting the exhaust of said engine to said tank, said conduit entering the tank adjacent its bottom and Within the tank, being directed up- Wardly to a point adjacent the top of the tank, filter means in said conduit adapted to remove solid matter and to dehydrate gases moving toward the tank and to prevent overheated gases from reaching the tank, and a filler connection in said tank having a removable top, a filler opening and an airlock opening, said top, when in the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlock opening to said fuel conduit. i

9. In combination, for use with an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, fuel conduit means for connecting said tank to an engine, means for supplying inert gas to said tank as fuel is Withdrawn therefrom, said means comprising a conduit for connecting the exhaust of an engine to said tank, said conduit entering the tank adjacent its bottom, and within the tank being 'directed upwardly'to a point adjacent the top of the tank, filter means in said conduit adapted lto remove solid unatter and to dehydrate gases moving toward the tank and to prevent overheated gases from reaching the tank, said filter vmeans including a filter housing, an opening therein adjacentits bottom and lter material within said housing, and an inlet and an outlet connection in said housing for the said conduit leading to said tank, and a filter connection in said tank having a. removable top, a filler opening and an airlockopening, said top, when in the closed position, closing both of said openings, and a connection from said airlock opening Yto said fuel conduit.

10. Incombination, for use with the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, a fuel supply tank having a lling neck extending through a wall thereof and a filling spout integral with said neck internally of said tank, said neck having a Wall portion formed with an airlock orifice opening tothe atmosphere at the outer end of the neck, a closure plug for said neck closing said end of said orifice when in position on said neck, a fuel conduit. for conducting fuel from the tank to a point of use of an internal combustion engine, said fuel conduit having a vertical (portion disposed in said tank, and a conduit connection between said airlock orifice and the vertical portion of said fuel conduit for the passage of air from the atmosphere through said orifice, said conduit connection and said fuel conduit upon loosening or removal of said cap.

11. In combination, for use With the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, a fuel supply tank having a lling neck extending through a. Wall thereof and a lling spout integral with said neck internally of said tank, said neck having a wall portion formed with an airlock orifice opening to the atmosphere at the outer end of the neck, a closure plug for said neck closing said end of said orifice-When in position on said neck, a fuel conduit for conducting fuel from the tank to a point of use of an internal combustion engine, saidfuel conduit having a vertical portion disposed in said tank, and a conduit connectionbetween said airlock orifice andthe Vertical portion of said fuel conduit for the passage of air from the atmosphere cth-rough, saidnoriiiceg: said'. conduit: connectiomand tsaid: fuel conduit :upon loosening t or :'removalvof -saidf cap,. :said cap ,i and :1 said:l llingz'necktbeing :complementarily :threaded for z'screWu-threaded :engagement of thencap :',withisaid: neck, andf: a hingeconnection :between saidneck. andvsaid cap embodying :iaxed n hinge :member von saidcneck, andaa second: hinge memberf freely movablerelfcative; tothe first hinge :member:`y and.v Withz'which said cap is svvivellyY connected.

'.z 12. In '.combination;V for .use .with the? exhaust :manifold of aniinternal combustion engine; a fuel l:supply ,tank having 'a .'illing :neck 1 extending through na .wall thereof and: ai fillingy spout. in- -tegral with said neckiwinternallyoffisaid tank, vasaidnneck havingzanwa'll portion formed withfan airlock orice opening to the atmosphereatithe iouternendooftlthefneck,.1a closurerh-plug for said Jneckoclo'sing saidf end aof saidizoriice lwhen 1in !positionx.on.=said,:neck,:;afuelvconduit? for conducting. fuel'from' the .tank to a point of use f lannintemalxcombustiorr enginefsaid fuel condu'it .ihayinggavertical: icnortionf;disposedI in=. said' tank,

c andsa ;oonduitz,connectionrbetween-said -airlo'ck .orificeeandzthe 'Verticalnportion vof1saidy fu'elconduit; forthenpassageyof airfrom'. the: atmosphere zthlrough v said i orifice, :.said conduit connection :and said' fuel conduit :upon loosening on removal .off saidtcap, van :exhaust 'gas conduit suitablel for :connecting to"` an internal combustiont engine ex- 4tending intolsaid` tank,fand a combination "fllter `:and: sparkiV andfflamexarrester interposed' infsazld 4:exhaustsV gas" conduit.

L13. :In combination; forfuse Withf the exhaust;

manifold .vof f. an internal combustion`- engine, a

.fuelsupply n tank: having. afliillingv neck extending .through a mallthereoftand. a`-lling spout inte- .gralwWith-'said fneck internally fofy said: tank, said neckl having a walli'portion formed withan airlock orifice opening tthevatmosphere at the neuter: fend of '2li-,he atneck, eas closureuplug foi"-y said ,neckvclosing-psaidxend `-of y-said -orice 'When'in -position Von said 'neckrai fuel conduit for conduct- .ingfuel from/'tithe tank tora pointl of use ofan :internal l combustion engine, k:said 'fuel f conduit .having arverticalflportion"disposed in' said tank,

y:andi a condutzfconnection between said-airlock soriiicefand :the 'vertical portion of said fuell con- .duit for the; passage of .i air' from'` thefatmosphere 1 through :said :.norioe, Isaid :conduit sconnectlon eand saidrfueh conduituupon loosening or: removal ofssaid cap,:.said. cap.' and'l saidit llingazne'ck'abe- -ingr complementarilsr threaded: for: screw-thread- `I5 s edzengagementj of the; napiwith` said fneckfandza A hinge connectionzbetween'said'rneckand'saidfcap :.embodyinga :fxedt hinge :memberson: said neck, and a second hinge membercfreelyc'movable'relzative; to ,the rst hinge member? and "with .'.Which 10 :said :'cap; is swivellynconnected,A and'irmeansflfor supplying exhaust: gases fromf an' .internal'comfbustion:A engine to2 said tank` as and? forlthe .purpposerspecied.

14.A In:Y combination, for 1use" with' theeexhaust l5 -zmanifold ,of cana/internal: combustion-"enginc,.1 a fuel supply: tank "having ya" 'liilling lne'ckaextending athrough .azaw'alt thereof f and'l a`4 'llingfspout integral: WithsaidA neck internallyf f said tank; said :neck- :havingLa wallzportion' formed with an-'air- 20 :flock :oriiice opening to'iithe.' atmosphere at-the couterl `endo` of -the neckya.' 'closure plugC for said I neck f closing 'said en'd rof said Io'rice when 'in :positionzonsaid neck,` affueliconduit' for conducting `fuel from thetank" to a point'ofuse ffan X25 ginternal .combustion engine, fsad fuel conduit nhaving Aarvertical portion disposed in saidta'nk, and a conduit connection between' saidai'rlook .'oriceiand the'verticalfportion of: said'fuel con- ;:du'it': forfthe passagevof `air from'the atmosphere 30 through said' orifice, said conduit' connectionAV and said` vfulalzconduit upon loosening or removal" of said r cap, said cap1-andy said filling 'neck Vloeing :complementarily threaded 'for f screw-threaded .engagement of the'cap with said neckfandza 35 `hinge .connection :between said neck and'said :cap embodying. a' fixed `hinge member 'onsaid .'neck,A and al second hinge member" freely mov- .able relative to' thefr'st' hingememberandw'ith :which saidcap is swivelly connected, and means .'401suitable for supplying exhaust gases from'aryexhaust manifold of thel engine-tosaid tank; arid-:a icombinationlter. andV spark: andfame arrester :interposed between' the exhaust vmanifold*` and said' tank and., through which the-exhaust'v gases 1"-5 zare constrainedl to pass in passage' from'anex- Ihaustmanifold'to said tank.

'DOMINIC CANTELLO. 'i GAETANO CANTELDO. 

